Petroleum in Today's Life and its Risk in Use

Santo Domingo

Saturday 11th, 2022

Lorena De Los Santos. 100084820

Prof: Walkiris Vanessa Mejia O

Composition II / IDI-2290

Petroleum in Today's Life and its Risk in Use

  Petroleum was discovered in 1859 by Edwin Drake in Pennsylvania, United States. It is also called Black Gold or crude oil, is a fossil fuel. It was formed from the remains of ancient marine organisms, such as plants, algae, and bacteria over millions of years on intense heat and pressure. Furthermore, it is a non-renewable source of energy, and unbelievable things come out of it. It has been worldwide well considered and approached. Petroleum has many utilities; however, its spilling has produced unimaginable issues and its lost can evoke wars.

 Refineries of Petroleum need petroleum’s components to be successful. The first components are fuels that are used for transportation; for example, gasoline which is used to transport all kinds of goods and gas use for cooking. Then, diesel generators that save lives by providing electricity to hospitals. Also, kerosene is a versatile fuel oil that has many uses including fuel for oil lamps, airplanes, and engines. Moreover, petroleum contains a lot of a chemical called propylene to make plastic. For instance, The Coca-Cola company has been well benefited from the prototype bottles come from crude oil. Unilever is a multinational consumer goods company. Its products include foods, beverages, cleaning agents, and personal care products. Diaper’s companies use polypropylene in diapers made from petroleum-based, but it is considered safe for use. Additionally, polypropylene is used in medicine. For example, string breast implants are a form of breast implant using polypropylene then, prosthesis made from Standard Grade Polypropylene is the most widely used sheet plastic in orthotics and prosthetics, and nylon or polypropylene sutures are non-absorbable, but it provides permanent wound supports. In short, thousands of different useful products made from Petroleum come in forms that are consistent and reliable for the humanity.

On the other hand, hundreds of oil spills yearly in Africa. When oil spills in the ocean, it floats on the water and ruin the sea animal population, intoxicating them and thus, making consumers’ life difficult. Besides, the most devastating effects is on birds. Oil destroys the waterproofing abilities of feathers, and birds are not insulated against the cold ocean water. About 40 million liters of oil are spilled every year across the Niger delta. Its consequences make the death of newborn infants. Even though Shell company had been sued as a result of death of infants due to the oil spills induced by its company, it has been proved that children born within 10 km of an oil spill were twice as likely to die in their first month. In other words, petroleum itself is good for consumers, but it is a dangerous resource for people living around it.

Moreover, a sudden lost of petroleum supplies would make it impossible to meet world energy needs. The global economy would be forced to go down into a semi local condition because there would not be more fuel to mobilized products around. Perhaps, life would return to the latest seventeenth century, when men’s hunger for energy created deforestation and smoke pollution. Due to that issue, the overnight civilization would collapse with no energy. The worst situation would be during hospitals’ emergencies. Many people would die during their surgeries because emergency diesel generators would not be able to save their lives. Additionally, because of the need of plastic, the most affordable prosthesis would not be available; the 90 % of hygiene products would disappear, like toothpastes, vaselines, lipsticks, and any oil-based product. Petroleum is pivotal for daily life, but something good would come out of it. For example, As we would not have transportation by fuel, there would not be air pollution either, and the planet would be better. Due to minimum choices of food, no diabetes would take place, and one last thing is that the majority of people living in the city would prefer moving back to their countryside to produce their own food. After all, not everything would be bad because people would appreciate everything they would have.

 To conclude, life would not be the same without petroleum, and many people would stave to death because without fast transportation, the majority of products would rot. At the same time, its oil spill would contaminate the ocean, and the early death of newborn infants would stop. Furthermore, the end of this appreciated liquid would be the end of the live well known or maybe the destruction of many countries through wars for the remaining in their storage. Perhaps, human beings would develop another source of energy in replacement of petroleum. To sum up, the humanity has a better life with petroleum, even though it is a hazard liquid.

 Santo Domingo 2022

Causes of Global Warming

 

Global warming is a problem, which cannot continue to be ignored. Global warming has a wide variety of negative consequences for all living beings. Although there are many causes of warming, such as natural causes as volcanoes or water vapor, human beings are the main cause of this. Global warming has led to an incredible increase in earth's temperature; the major causes of global warming are deforestation, use of vehicles and industrial development.

 

First of all, plants are the main source of oxygen. They take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen, thereby maintaining environmental balance. However, forests are being depleted for many domestic and commercial purposes. This has led to an environmental imbalance, thereby giving rise to global warming.

 

Secondly, the use of vehicles, even for a very short distance results in various gaseous emissions. Vehicles burn fossil fuels, which emit a large amount of carbon dioxide and other toxins into the atmosphere resulting in a temperature increased. Therefore, I think that the use of electric car is really a innovate idea.

 

Finally, with the advent of industrialization, the temperature of the earth has been increasing rapidly. The harmful emissions from the factories add to the increasing temperature of the earth. Anyways, in 2013, the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change reported that the increase in the global temperature between 1880 and 2012 has been 0.9 degrees Celsius. The increase is 1.1 degrees Celsius when compared to the pre-industrial mean temperature. In this moment, there is more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere than in any other moment in the last 800.000 years. It shows that the global warming is worse than ever.

 

In conclusion, although all these advances make life easier for the human being, it is a fact that it is destroying the most important thing in life. As much as industries or vehicles, nowadays they are very important to society. Is a reality that industrialization or vehicles are highly polluting for our planet, leading to global warming and our job as an inhabitant, it is to try to reduce these risks before there is no turning back.

Living in Japan

Living in Japan 

By: Wander Jose Sanchez Santos

         Japan is a great place to learn to be more considered and hospitality toward people. Unlike other countries, in Japan, the art of kindness, the gratitude, and respect to the others is more often. Japan is one of the best countries to visit, take vacations and know about general culture; however, living there is not so easy as it seems and more if you are a foreigner. Therefore, there are many reasons why living in Japan can be challenging, but three stand out.  

         The first reason why living in Japan can be challenging for foreigners is the strong language barrier. Unlike other languages, Japanese is not an easy language to learn, because both speaking and grammar are complicated to understand. For instance, it requires time to learn it, hard work and immersion in the local culture. Although some people want to live in Japan, the language is one of the problems to adapt to this country.

        The second reason why living in Japan can be challenging for people from other countries is that the traditional Japanese work is inflexible. The work schedule is more extensive than other nations. A clear example is it work in excess. The extra hours are lunch and drinks at the end of the work with coworkers. Everything in their lives revolves around work; shops, trains, bar, and restaurants. Therefore, for the people who want to work in Japan, should know very well that it will not be easy, and it is going to be stressing. 

        The third reason that makes it difficult for non-citizens to live in Japan is the difficulty to integrate into Japanese society. For Japanese people, it is difficult to accept a foreigner as a part of them, because they think that a foreign does not adapt to their lives, such as in culture, customs and the language. Also, they understand that people from other countries cannot comprehend and appreciate completely their country, no matter how long a person lives there. They always will see people from other countries as a second class citizen or as a foreign else.

        To summarize, the strong language barrier, the inflexible and traditional Japanese work culture, and the difficulty to integrate into Japanese society make it challenging for foreigners to live in Japan. If for a Japanese, life is tedious and stressing, imagine for foreigners. For that reason, to the people who are considering living in another country, especially in Japan, they must love Japanese and their culture.

List references 

Pros y contras de vivir en Japón  

https://www.lavoronelmondo.com/es/japon/vivir-en-japon-pros-y-contras/#:~:text=Vivir%20en%20Jap%C3%B3n%2C%20contras%3A&text=Dif%C3%ADcil%20integraci%C3%B3n,Vida%20estresante 

Covid 19 Changed Everybody's Life

By Rosa N. Garcia

Covid-19 has been the biggest pandemic in the 21st century, a pandemic that has changed people's lives emotionally, psychologically, and economically in good and bad ways. Many people have lost a loved one, a family member, a friend, their mind and even their hope. Everybody thought it was the end of humanity because we hadn't faced anything like this before.  In December 2019 a disease was detected in China. The disease was first called Wuhan pneumonia, from which it was discovered, but then it was named as CoronaVirus or Covid 19. This disease has made changes in many areas of our lives, which have had a major impact and cannot be undone. Covid 19 has changed the way we communicate; it has transformed our work style, and it changed people's mindset. 

     The First thing Covid-19 changed was our communication style. We moved from one-on-one conversations to no face-to-face interactions. Personal interactions were highly replaced by communication via telephone, email or other sources that allowed us to stay in touch  with others, at some point there was a need to have celebrations and meetings through video conference. This happened due to fear of social interaction groups and crowded places where the disease could have been very contagious. Unfortunately, isolation started to delay our communication because of the inefficiency of non-personal interaction. Another change that Covid-19 made to the way we communicate was the use of social media in which Whatsapp, Zoom and Google became the main communication sources during the pandemic. People used these platforms to study or communicate with their loved ones, which had triggered, according to some telecommunication companies, a high volume on data usage as many people were using these platforms at the same time.

    The second thing this illness has transformed is our work style. During the pandemic almost the whole world was under lockdown to avoid the spread of Covid, due to this, distance employment became more popular as some employers realized that their services could as well be provided remotely. Even though the whole world was going through a tough situation. We needed to continue living and entrepreneurs wanted to keep producing their  money, for this reason many companies decided not to stop their operations and started hiring people to work from home. Besides the opportunity some people had of keeping their job and working remotely; Many job positions were also  affected during the pandemic. Employees who did not have the tools to work remotely lost their jobs because the ones they had, needed to be done physically. Some other positions were put on hold, but once the Sanitary System was able to take control of the disease, those jobs positions were never reinstated. 

The last and most important thing about Covid 19, are the changes this pandemic generated in people’s mindset. People became antisocial because they adapted to the distance. Whenever you went outside, isolation and loneliness could be felt in public places because people did not want to talk or greet each other. The  lack of interest in helping others could be felt. People were only concerned about the future, we all wanted to know what was going to happen because our future was uncertain. Sooner hopelessness and depression started to take control of people’s thoughts and some individuals were even commiting suicide  because we all thought it was the end of mankind. However, not all the changes that Covid 19 made to our mentality were negative because as soon as we faced the truth we started to appreciate life and understood we needed each other's help to be able to survive. Some nations put themselves in  other's shoes and gave a helping hand to the poorest countries. Some of us were finally able to understand the fragility of life.

     To conclude the brief description of the way Covid 19 changed everybody's life, it's important to highlight the fact that even though  our communication, work style and the way we think have been transformed by this illness. Covid  in one way or another brought some positive things to our lives because it forced everyone to make changes. We had to make a change in our lifestyle, communication and mentality. The pandemic gave a lesson to all of us. We needed to realize how amazing our world is and  the importance of sharing our love and appreciation with others because life can change in an instant.

Dominican Republic-Haiti Border

   ​The Dominican Republic-Haiti border is the international division between the Dominican Republic and the Republic of Haiti on the island. The border exists to keep both countries separated. However, the Haitians have been crossing illegally which have concerned Dominican people. The massive migration of Haitian people to the Dominican territory have caused the construction of a border wall which as consequence, have generated the world’s opinions. 

First, Haitians have been crossing the border illegally to the Dominican Republic.  This is the principal reason to build a border wall. Haiti is considered a dangerous country to live in due to the crises they have been through. Examples of this the murder of their former president, Jovenel Moïse, and the gangs taking control of the streets, kidnapping, and killing. Dominicans believe people from the gangs could also cross illegally and do to our country what they have done in their own nation.

Second, most people that the nations are separated. Nevertheless, Dominicans don’t feel secure because the Haitians are crossing the frontier without any regulation. As a result, the current president, Luis Abinader, proposed the construction of the border wall. The government believes that building a wall will reduce the massive immigration from Haiti to the Dominican Republic. This idea is also supported by most of the Dominican population. The government has already started constructing part of the wall and has increased the border patrols to protect the country.

Last but not least, not everyone agrees with the decision of building the wall. People like Fiammetta Cappellini, the Haitian representative for Italian charity AVSI, said: “the relationship between Dominican Republic and Haiti has always been difficult due to their different speed and rhythms. However, the decision to build a wall worries us, as a possible reason for conflict and violence”. As Cappellini, there are more people stating opinions and concerns about the wall. Consequently, Abinader has clarified that none of the countries concerned about the wall have helped Haiti as the Dominican Republic has done in all these years with all the crises they have been going through one after the other. With this in mind, none of them have the right to make an opinion about the decision the Dominican Republic makes as a country.  

​In conclusion the division of the countries with the wall is a reality, and it is expected to end before Abinader’spresidency is finished. The wall is meant to protect the country from the crises that Haitians could bring and no matter the opinion that the world states about it. Both nations are already separated for cultural and many other reasons, therefore the wall is meant to protect the Dominican Republic from the Haitian massive immigration without regulation. 

The Benefits Of Shopping Online

 

  The Benefits of Shopping Online

   These days, online shopping has become popular. After the COVID-19 pandemic, it also became a safer way to buy because people did not want to go to the physical store to avoid getting infected while shopping. Online purchases are part of the development of marketing and the Internet worldwide, becoming one of the most effective sales methods, which reaches millions of people. Therefore, shopping online has many benefits, but three excel among them.

       Saving money is one of the benefits of buying online. Many people buy online because they can pay with a credit or a debit card through discounts or coupons such as pages like Shein or Amazon and get discount.  Also, buyers can use these coupons when paying and save money. There are personal items they can buy online such as perfumes, wallets, and essential oils. Some websites and shopping applications offer customers the facility to buy gifts, appliances, household items, cell phones, and clothing by taking the advantage of up to 20% percent less the real price.

       Home delivery service is another benefit of purchasing online. Shopping online allows people to receive their packages in the comfort of their homes. Thus, by taking the advantage of this service, some buyers take the opportunity to supply themselves with food by doing the online supermarket. For example, they buy rice, vegetables, and thousands of other grocery products. They also shop for other grocery items, such as rice, vegetables, bananas, meat, canned food and thousands of other products in supermarkets, like Nacional, Bravo that have this type of online service. However, customers sometimes do not receive what they order because the pictures in the articles look more attractive than when they receive it in person, which causes disappointment.

      The third and most crucial benefit of purchasing online is the wide variety of products that shoppers can get in some stores. People can access various articles from the peacefulness of their homes through an electronic device. Sometimes buyers can see the same items in various stores; however, there are exclusive products for sale only on the online page, but they are not in the physical store. Also, people can get some offers on different articles. For example, some articles offer two for one and are cheaper in the online store than in the physical store. In addition, online shopping is very convenient for people who have any disability. 

     In conclusion, there are more than three benefits of shopping online, but the most prominent ones help us recognize that the sales market has expanded. Through online purchasing people can save money, they can have their packages delivered, and they can access various products. To sum up, whenever you use this purchase method, you will obtain benefits, either coupons or some type of offer from the comfort of your home.

The other Face of South Korea

         

    

            I have always wondered why in South Korea, a highly educated country, ¨most students have considered or already attempted suicide¨. It seems that one of the main reasons this decision is made is due to the pressure that society exerts on its young people since if they do not get good grades they will be considered failures. However, it is not only social pressure that makes these young people attempt suicide; other factors support this decision.

First, students spend long hours studying. They stop sleeping so they can study because if they do not learn, they will not get good grades and therefore they will not be able to enroll in a good university. To enter a university, they must take an annual exam. This exam is so demanding that students have to spend the whole year preparing for that day and if they do not pass it they will have to try the next year, which means they will have to spend 365 more days studying and forbidding their lives of the pleasures of life. This causes many students to become depressed for not approving the exam on the first try, others give up, and many others decide to end their lives so they cannot be labeled as failures of society.

Second, many young people decide to take their own lives due to the work pressure generated by not getting into a good university. In South Korea, it is extremely important to have studied in one of the 3 best universities in the country, since these give a direct pass to a good company that will have a good pay. And when it is not possible to get a good job, then these people find it necessary to leave the country or make the decision to end their living.

Third, the high standards of beauty implemented by society. Both females and males are affected by negative comments about their physical appearance. Besides, it is well known that Koreans do not have double eyelids, which motivates many of them to undergo eye surgeries to create an eyelid and surgeries for correcting their noses and cheeks. In addition, from a young age, mothers teach girls to take care of their skin to avoid stains, maintain an exaggeratedly low weight, and go on excessive diets.

In conclusion, the social pressure that is unloaded on the Korean population is exerted since the child is born, and has learned to read and write. Children are taught that if they fail in their studies they will be recognized as losers for the rest of their lives. Likewise, they are mentally and emotionally damaged by the stress they must handle to get into a good university since this will depend on how they will be seen by society. Even though South Korea is an example of an excellent education structure, the lives that this system has taken will always be a great loss to this great nation.

 

 

References:

Corea del Sur- Suicidios

https://datosmacro.expansion.com/demografia/mortalidad/causas-muerte/suicidio/corea-del- sur#:~:text=Corea%20del%20Sur%2C%20uno%20de%20los%20pa%C3%ADses%20con%20m%C3

%A1s%20tasa%20de%20suicidios&text=La%20tasa%20de%20suicidios%20en,porcentaje%20de%20 suicidios%20del%20mundo.